Basilica di Santa Maria Assunta (Duomo) - Volterra

Exploring the Magnificent Basilica di Santa Maria Assunta (Duomo) in Volterra

If you find yourself in the charming town of Volterra, Italy, make sure to visit the Basilica di Santa Maria Assunta, also known as the Duomo di Volterra. This Roman Catholic cathedral is a true gem, steeped in history and architectural beauty. Let's dive into what makes this basilica a must-visit destination.

Historical Significance and Architectural Marvel

The Basilica di Santa Maria Assunta has a rich history that dates back centuries. The present church was rebuilt after the devastating earthquake of 1117, which destroyed much of the town. It was consecrated by Pope Calixtus II in 1120. While details of the earlier church on the site are not clear, a church dedicated to Saint Mary has been known since the 9th century.

The rustic stone façade of the basilica is a stunning example of Romanesque architecture. It incorporates spolia, or salvaged materials, from the Roman theater of Volterra in its portal. The intricate intarsia over the door is attributed to the renowned sculptor Nicola Pisano.

Marvel at the Interior

Step inside the Basilica di Santa Maria Assunta and prepare to be awestruck by its interior. The elongated nave and Latin cross layout create a sense of grandeur. The nave spans 22 columns adorned with stucco that simulates rose-colored granite, adding to the visual appeal.

During your visit, take a moment to admire the beautifully coffered ceiling of the nave and crossings. It was commissioned by Bishop Guido Serguidi in 1580 and features sculpted reliefs of saints and a central symbol of the Holy Spirit. The intricate craftsmanship is a testament to the skill of Francesco Capriani, Jacopo Pavolini, and Fulvo della Tuccia.

Artistic Treasures and Noteworthy Features

As you explore the basilica, you'll come across several artistic treasures. The pulpit, adorned with three reliefs depicting the Last Supper, the Annunciation, and the Sacrifice of Isaac, is a sight to behold. The lions at the base of the columns are believed to be 12th-century works of the Guglielmo school, possibly carved by the Pisan sculptor Bonamico.

Don't miss the funeral monument of Francesco Gaetano Incontri, former archbishop of Florence, located to the left of the entrance. Erected in 1840, it features a bust by Aristodemo Costoli and stunning marble intarsia panels from a 12th-century Tuscan balustrade.

When to Visit

The Basilica di Santa Maria Assunta is open to visitors throughout the year. To fully appreciate its beauty and avoid crowds, consider visiting during weekdays or outside peak tourist seasons. Remember to dress modestly as it is a place of worship.

Conclusion

The Basilica di Santa Maria Assunta in Volterra is a true architectural masterpiece that showcases the rich history and artistic heritage of the town. From its Romanesque façade to its intricately designed interior, every corner of this basilica is a feast for the eyes. Whether you're a history enthusiast, an art lover, or simply seeking a spiritual experience, a visit to the Basilica di Santa Maria Assunta is an absolute must.