Battistero Neoniano

Exploring the Ancient Beauty of Battistero Neoniano in Ravenna

Ravenna, a charming city in northeastern Italy, is home to a treasure trove of ancient monuments. Among these architectural gems is the Baptistery of Neon, also known as Battistero Neoniano. This religious building, dating back to the late Western Roman Empire, is not only the oldest surviving monument in Ravenna but also a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Let's dive into the captivating history and architectural features of this remarkable structure.

A Glimpse into History

The Baptistery of Neon was constructed during the late 4th or early 5th century by Bishop Ursus, as part of his grand Basilica. It was later completed by Bishop Neon at the end of the 5th century, who added the stunning mosaic decorations that still adorn the interior. The baptistery was built on the site of a Roman bath, adding to its historical significance.

Architectural Marvels

As you approach the Baptistery of Neon, you'll be captivated by its octagonal shape, a common design employed in Early Christian baptisteries. This shape symbolizes the seven days of the week, along with the Day of Resurrection and Eternal Life. The exterior of the baptistery features a simple brick facade, with four additional apses added in the 10th century.

Mesmerizing Mosaics

Step inside the baptistery, and you'll be greeted by a breathtaking mosaic ceiling. The centerpiece depicts John the Baptist baptizing Jesus in the Jordan River, with Zeus personifying the river. The mosaic beautifully captures the fluidity of the human figure, derived from Greco-Roman art. Surrounding the central mosaic, a procession of the twelve apostles unfolds, culminating in the meeting of Saint Peter and Saint Paul.

Fun Facts and Tips

• Did you know that the original floor of the Baptistery of Neon is now buried approximately three meters underground? This adds an air of mystery to the structure, as its true extent and layout can no longer be fully seen.
• The Baptistery of Neon is often referred to as the Orthodox Baptistery to distinguish it from the Arian Baptistery, which was built later on the orders of Ostrogothic King Theodoric.
• When visiting Ravenna, make sure to explore the other UNESCO World Heritage Sites in the city, such as the Mausoleum of Galla Placidia and the Basilica of San Vitale.

When to Visit

The Baptistery of Neon is open to visitors throughout the year, allowing you to immerse yourself in its rich history and architectural beauty. Consider visiting during the quieter months to fully appreciate the tranquility and intricate details of the mosaics.

As you explore the Baptistery of Neon in Ravenna, you'll be transported back in time to the early days of Christianity. This ancient structure stands as a testament to the city's historical significance and architectural prowess. Don't miss the opportunity to witness the mesmerizing mosaics and experience the awe-inspiring atmosphere of this UNESCO World Heritage Site.