Palermo

Once the core of the mighty Roman Empire, and the cradle of the Renaissance, it is also home to the greatest number of UNESCO World Heritage Sites in the world, including high art and monuments. Italy is famous for its delicious cuisine, it's trendy fashions, luxury sports cars and motorcycles, diverse regional cultures and dialects, as well as for its various sceneries from the seas to the Alps and Apennines, all reasons why it got nickcoded Il Bel Paese (the Beautiful Country). One of the great things about Italy is that its long thin shape means that when you get fed up with sightseeing you are often a relatively short distance from a beach. In many of the more popular areas, large sections of beach are reserved as paid beaches. Italy is full of differents cultures you can see: Etruscan Italy, The Greek influence, Roman ruins, Christian Italy, The Byzantine cities and The Renaissance.

Italy

The island has been a crossroads between civilisations for millennia. It is a paradise for history buffs, rich in Greek temples and Roman sites dating back to Antiquity, as well as in Byzantine style buildings. The names of Syracuse and Taormina alone awaken the desire to visit the island. Its gastronomy gives pride of place to citrus fruits, fish and oriental flavours. Situated at a stone's throw from the African continent, it enjoys sunshine almost year-round, a warm climate and a volcanic terrain (with Mount Etna as the largest active volcano in Europe) that is well suited to agriculture.

Sicily

Agrigento

Cefalu

Syracuse

Piazza Armerina

Castelvetrano

Monreale

The largest island in the Mediterranean by area, it is separated from the continent by the Strait of Messina. The island has been a crossroads between civilisations for millennia. It is a paradise for history buffs, rich in Greek temples and Roman sites dating back to Antiquity, as well as in Byzantine style buildings. The names of Syracuse and Taormina alone awaken the desire to visit the island.

### Discover the Ancient Marvel of Teatro Greco di Siracusa in Siracusa

Welcome to Siracusa, a city steeped in history and home to one of the most remarkable ancient theaters in the world - Teatro Greco di Siracusa. Nestled on the south slopes of the Temenite hill, this architectural masterpiece offers a glimpse into the rich cultural heritage of Sicily.

### A Journey Back in Time

Dating back to the 5th century BC, Teatro Greco di Siracusa is the oldest theater in the Western world. It has witnessed centuries of performances, political gatherings, and historical events. The theater was initially built by the Greeks and later underwent renovations during the Roman period. Today, it stands as a testament to the ingenuity and craftsmanship of ancient civilizations.

### Architectural Marvels

As you step into the theater, you'll be awestruck by its grandeur and architectural features. The cavea, or seating area, boasts a diameter of 138.60 meters, making it one of the largest in the Greek world. With 67 rows of seating, most of which are carved into the natural rock, the theater could accommodate thousands of spectators.

One of the unique aspects of Teatro Greco di Siracusa is its strategic location. The theater was designed to take advantage of the natural acoustics and panoramic views. Despite the stage potentially obstructing some of the sightlines, visitors can still catch glimpses of the harbor arch and the island of Ortigia.

### Historical Significance

Teatro Greco di Siracusa has witnessed numerous significant events throughout history. It is said that the famous playwright Sophron mentioned the theater in the late 5th century BC, attributing its construction to the architect Damocopos. The theater played a pivotal role in the public life of Syracuse, with notable figures like Dionysius and Timoleon making appearances during important assemblies.

### Things to Do and See

Visiting Teatro Greco di Siracusa is a must for history enthusiasts and culture seekers. Take a leisurely stroll through the ancient ruins, imagining the vibrant performances that once graced the stage. Marvel at the intricate details of the seating area and the inscriptions on the precinzione, which include the names of gods and members of the royal family.

While exploring the theater, don't miss the opportunity to visit the nearby archaeological park, Parco Archeologico della Neapolis. Here, you can discover other ancient wonders, such as the Ear of Dionysius and the Roman Amphitheater.

### When to Visit

The best time to visit Teatro Greco di Siracusa is during the spring and autumn months when the weather is pleasant and the crowds are smaller. Consider visiting in the early morning or late afternoon to avoid the midday heat and enjoy a more serene experience.

### Conclusion

Teatro Greco di Siracusa is a captivating testament to the ancient world's architectural prowess and cultural significance. Immerse yourself in the rich history of Siracusa as you explore this remarkable theater. From its grand seating area to its panoramic views, every aspect of Teatro Greco di Siracusa will leave you in awe. So, pack your bags and embark on a journey back in time to this extraordinary destination.

Teatro Greco di Siracusa

### Discover the Magnificent Tempio della Concordia in Agrigento

Welcome to Agrigento, a charming city located on the south coast of Sicily, Italy. Known for its rich history and stunning archaeological sites, Agrigento is home to one of the most impressive ancient Greek temples in the world - the Tempio della Concordia, or the Temple of Concordia.

### Historical Significance

The Tempio della Concordia is a testament to the grandeur of ancient Greek architecture. Built between 440 and 430 BC, this temple is the largest and best-preserved Doric temple in Sicily. It stands proudly in the Valle dei Templi, also known as the Valley of the Temples, a UNESCO World Heritage site.

### Architectural Marvel

As you approach the Tempio della Concordia, you'll be awestruck by its majestic presence. The temple features a well-preserved peristasis of six by thirteen columns, standing on a crepidoma of four steps. These columns, reaching a height of 6 meters, are intricately carved with twenty flutes and exhibit harmonious entasis, tapering at the tops and swelling around the middles.

The temple's cella, or main room, measures 28.36 meters by 9.4 meters, while the entire structure spans an impressive 39.42 meters by 16.92 meters. The temple's solid base was ingeniously designed to overcome the uneven rocky terrain, much like its neighboring Temple of Juno.

### Fun Facts and Nearby Attractions

Did you know that the Tempio della Concordia was originally dedicated to an unknown deity? Its name, "Temple of Concordia," was given by the Roman-era Latin inscription found nearby, which is unrelated to the temple itself. Despite its uncertain origins, the temple has become an iconic symbol of harmony and beauty.

While exploring the Valle dei Templi, be sure to visit the nearby Temple of Heracles, located just a kilometer to the west. This temple, dating back to the 6th century BC, is another remarkable example of ancient Greek architecture.

### When to Visit

To fully appreciate the Tempio della Concordia, plan your visit during the golden hours of sunrise or sunset. The warm hues of the sun casting a gentle glow on the temple's columns create a truly magical atmosphere. Additionally, visiting during the spring or fall months allows for pleasant weather and fewer crowds.

### Conclusion

The Tempio della Concordia in Agrigento is a must-visit destination for history enthusiasts and architecture lovers alike. Its historical significance, architectural marvels, and stunning location make it a captivating sight to behold. So, make sure to add this ancient Greek temple to your travel itinerary and immerse yourself in the timeless beauty of Agrigento.

Tempio della Concordia

### Discover the Ancient Marvel: The Acropolis of Selinunte

Welcome to Selinunte, a hidden gem on the southwestern coast of Sicily, Italy. Nestled between the valleys of the Belice and Modione rivers, this ancient Greek city is home to one of the most remarkable archaeological sites in the world - the Acropolis of Selinunte. Let's embark on a journey to explore this historical marvel and uncover its secrets.

### Historical Significance and Fun Facts

Selinunte was founded around 628 BC by a colony from the Sicilian city of Megara Hyblaea. The name "Selinunte" is believed to have been derived from the abundance of wild celery that grew in the area. In fact, the city adopted the celery leaf as the symbol on its coins. At its peak, Selinunte was a thriving city with a population of up to 30,000 people, making it one of the most important Greek colonies in Sicily.

### Architectural Features

The Acropolis of Selinunte is a testament to the architectural prowess of the ancient Greeks. The site contains five temples centered around the acropolis, with the Temple of Hera, also known as "Temple E," being the most well-preserved and re-erected. As you wander through the ruins, you'll be awestruck by the grandeur and scale of these ancient structures. The Doric columns, intricate carvings, and remnants of the once-magnificent temples will transport you back in time.

### Things to Do and See

Exploring the Acropolis of Selinunte is a truly immersive experience. Take your time to wander through the ruins, imagining the bustling city that once stood here. Marvel at the Temple of Hera, with its impressive columns and commanding presence. Don't forget to visit the other temples as well, each with its own unique charm and historical significance.

After exploring the acropolis, take a stroll through the nearby frazioni of Triscina di Selinunte and Marinella di Selinunte. These charming coastal villages offer stunning views of the Mediterranean Sea and are perfect for a leisurely walk or a relaxing beach day.

### When to Visit

The best time to visit the Acropolis of Selinunte is during the spring and autumn months when the weather is mild and the crowds are smaller. The site is open year-round, but be sure to check the opening hours before your visit.

### Conclusion

The Acropolis of Selinunte is a must-visit destination for history enthusiasts and architecture lovers alike. Immerse yourself in the rich history of this ancient Greek city as you explore the well-preserved ruins and marvel at the architectural wonders. Whether you're captivated by the historical significance or simply in awe of the grandeur, a visit to the Acropolis of Selinunte is an experience you won't soon forget.

See the acropolis of Selinunte

### Discover the Magnificence of Cattedrale di Monreale in Monreale

If you're seeking a destination that combines history, art, and architectural marvels, look no further than the Cattedrale di Monreale in Monreale, Sicily. This awe-inspiring Norman cathedral is renowned for its rich history, intricate mosaics, and serene atmosphere. Let's delve into the captivating world of Cattedrale di Monreale and explore why it should be at the top of your travel itinerary.

### A Glimpse into History and Legends

Commissioned by William II of Sicily in 1174, the Cattedrale di Monreale stands as a testament to the grandeur of Norman architecture. Legend has it that William II had a divine encounter with the Holy Virgin while hunting in the nearby woods. Inspired by this encounter, he decided to build a church on the very spot where it took place. According to the legend, a treasure was discovered in the roots of a carob tree, and the golden coins found were used to finance the construction of the cathedral.

### Architectural Marvels and Artistic Splendor

Prepare to be mesmerized by the architectural beauty of Cattedrale di Monreale. The cathedral boasts intricate details and exquisite craftsmanship that will leave you in awe. The walls are adorned with stunning gold mosaics depicting scenes from the Bible, bringing the stories to life in a vibrant and captivating manner. As you explore the cathedral's interior, you'll be immersed in a spiritual ambiance that is truly enchanting.

One of the highlights of Cattedrale di Monreale is its magnificent cloisters. Completed around 1200, these cloisters are a true masterpiece. Spanning an impressive 2,200 square meters, the cloisters feature pointed arches adorned with intricate patterns in gold and colors, created using glass tesserae. The marble capitals are intricately carved with foliage, biblical scenes, and allegories, each one unique. Take your time to wander through the cloisters, appreciating the tranquility and beauty of the surroundings.

### Things to Do and See

A visit to Cattedrale di Monreale offers a wealth of experiences. Start by exploring the interior of the cathedral, marveling at the stunning mosaics and soaking in the spiritual ambiance. Don't miss the opportunity to wander through the cloisters, where you can enjoy quiet contemplation or simply bask in the serene atmosphere.

While in Monreale, take the time to explore the charming town itself. Stroll through the narrow streets, admiring the local architecture and immersing yourself in the authentic Sicilian atmosphere. Indulge in the delicious local cuisine, including traditional Sicilian pastries and refreshing granita.

### When to Visit

Cattedrale di Monreale can be visited year-round, but it's worth considering the weather and crowds when planning your trip. The summer months can be quite hot, so visiting during spring or autumn may offer a more pleasant experience. Additionally, weekdays tend to be less crowded than weekends, allowing you to fully appreciate the beauty of the cathedral without the hustle and bustle of large crowds.

### Conclusion

Cattedrale di Monreale is a true gem in the heart of Monreale, Sicily. Its historical significance, architectural marvels, and serene atmosphere make it a must-visit destination for any traveler. Immerse yourself in the beauty of the gold mosaics, explore the enchanting cloisters, and soak in the rich history that surrounds this magnificent cathedral. Plan your visit to Cattedrale di Monreale and prepare to be captivated by its splendor.

Cattedrale di Monreale

The Cathedral-Basilica of Cefalù is a Roman Catholic church. The cathedral was erected in 1131 in the Norman architectural style, as the island of Sicily was conquered by the Normans in 1091. According to tradition, the building was erected after a vow made to the Holy Saviour by the King of Sicily, Roger II, after he escaped from a storm to land on the city's beach. The fortress-like character of the building, which, seen from a distance, rises as a huge bulk above its medieval town. It also made a powerful statement of the Norman presence.

Duomo di Cefalù

### Exploring the Magnificent Cattedrale di Palermo in Palermo

If you find yourself in the charming city of Palermo, Sicily, a visit to the Cattedrale di Palermo is an absolute must. This stunning cathedral, dedicated to the Assumption of the Virgin Mary, is not only a place of worship but also a testament to the rich history and architectural prowess of the region.

### A Historical Gem

The Cattedrale di Palermo has a fascinating history that dates back to the 12th century. It was originally built in 1185 by Walter Ophamil, the Norman archbishop of Palermo and King William II's minister. However, the site of the cathedral has a much older history, as it was once a Byzantine basilica founded by Pope Gregory I. Later, it was converted into a mosque by the Saracens after their conquest of the city in the 9th century.

### Architectural Marvels

As you step inside the Cattedrale di Palermo, you'll be greeted by a mesmerizing blend of architectural styles. The cathedral's complex design is a result of numerous additions, alterations, and restorations over the centuries. The current neoclassical appearance is the result of extensive work carried out between 1781 and 1801, supervised by renowned architects Ferdinando Fuga and Giuseppe Venanzio Marvuglia.

One of the most striking features of the cathedral is its magnificent dome, which dominates the main body of the building. The smaller domes covering the aisles' ceilings add to the grandeur of the structure. The western entrance, adorned with a Gothic portal and a precious 15th-century Madonna, is a sight to behold. The south side of the cathedral boasts a Gothic-Catalan style portico, added in the 15th century, which serves as the main entrance.

### Historical Significance

The Cattedrale di Palermo holds immense historical significance. It was the site of the coronation of King Charles III of Bourbon and Victor Amadeus II of Sardinia, both of whom are commemorated with monuments inside the cathedral. The cathedral's crypt is the final resting place of Walter Ophamil, the archbishop who initiated its construction.

### Things to Do and See

While visiting the Cattedrale di Palermo, take the time to explore its interior. Marvel at the intricate details of the carved portal executed by Antonio Gambara and the beautiful wooden leaves by Francesco Miranda. Admire the 13th-century mosaic portraying the Madonna and the stunning sculptures that were once part of the great retable by Gagini.

After exploring the cathedral, take a stroll through the surrounding area. Palermo is known for its vibrant street markets, such as the nearby Ballarò Market, where you can immerse yourself in the local culture and sample delicious Sicilian street food.

### When to Visit

The Cattedrale di Palermo is open to visitors throughout the year. However, to avoid crowds, it's best to visit early in the morning or during weekdays. The cathedral is particularly enchanting during religious festivals, such as the Feast of the Assumption on August 15th, when it comes alive with vibrant celebrations.

Whether you're a history enthusiast, an architecture lover, or simply seeking a spiritual experience, the Cattedrale di Palermo is a must-visit destination in Palermo. Immerse yourself in the rich history, marvel at the architectural wonders, and let the beauty of this magnificent cathedral leave a lasting impression on your soul.

Cattedrale di Palermo

### Discover the Marvels of La Martorana in Palermo

If you're planning a trip to Palermo, Sicily, make sure to include a visit to the stunning La Martorana in your itinerary. This historical church, also known as the Church of St. Mary of the Admiral, is a true gem that showcases the rich cultural and religious heritage of the region.

#### Historical Significance and Architectural Features

La Martorana dates back to the 12th century and holds great historical significance. It was originally founded as an Eastern Orthodox church by George of Antioch, the admiral and principal minister of King Roger II of Sicily. The church's name, "Martorana," comes from the aristocrat Eloisa Martorana, who founded a nearby Benedictine convent in the 12th century.

One of the most remarkable features of La Martorana is its unique blend of architectural styles. The exterior displays a mix of Norman and Arab influences, while the interior showcases stunning Byzantine mosaics. These mosaics are considered some of the finest examples of Byzantine art in Italy and depict scenes from the Bible and the lives of saints.

#### Things to Do and See

When visiting La Martorana, take your time to admire the intricate details of the mosaics. The vibrant colors and intricate designs will leave you in awe. Don't forget to look up at the dome, where you'll find a beautiful depiction of Christ Pantocrator.

After exploring the church, take a stroll through the nearby Piazza Bellini. This charming square is home to other architectural wonders, such as the Norman church of San Cataldo and the Baroque church of Santa Caterina. The juxtaposition of different architectural styles creates a unique atmosphere that is truly captivating.

#### Fun Facts

- La Martorana is not only a church but also a co-cathedral. It serves as the seat of the Parish of San Nicolò dei Greci, which belongs to the Eparchy of Piana degli Albanesi of the Italo-Albanian Catholic Church.
- The church's influence extends beyond its architectural beauty. It also bears witness to the Eastern religious and artistic culture that still exists in Italy today, thanks to the Albanian communities in Sicily who officiate the liturgy according to the Byzantine Rite in the ancient Greek language.
- La Martorana has attracted visitors for centuries. In fact, the Arab traveler Ibn Jubayr described it as "the most beautiful monument in the world" after visiting in the 12th century.

#### When to Visit

La Martorana is open to visitors throughout the year, allowing you to explore its wonders regardless of the season. However, keep in mind that the church can get crowded during peak tourist times. To fully appreciate the beauty and tranquility of the place, consider visiting early in the morning or during weekdays.

Whether you're a history enthusiast, an art lover, or simply someone who appreciates architectural marvels, La Martorana is a must-visit destination in Palermo. Immerse yourself in the rich history and cultural heritage of Sicily as you marvel at the breathtaking mosaics and soak in the peaceful atmosphere of this remarkable church.

La Martorana

Roman exploitation of the countryside is symbolized by the Villa Romana del Casale (in Sicily), the centre of the large estate upon which the rural economy of the Western Empire was based. The villa is one of the most luxurious of its kind. It is especially noteworthy for the richness and quality of the mosaics which decorate almost every room; they are the finest mosaics in situ anywhere in the Roman world.

Villa Romana del Casale

### Unveiling the Ancient Marvels of Valle dei Templi in Agrigento

Welcome to Agrigento, a city steeped in history and home to one of the most remarkable archaeological sites in the world - Valle dei Templi, or the Valley of the Temples. Situated on a ridge just outside the town, this UNESCO World Heritage site is a testament to the grandeur of ancient Greek art and architecture. Let's embark on a journey to explore the captivating wonders of this historical gem.

### A Misnomer: The Valley on a Ridge

Contrary to its name, Valle dei Templi is not actually located in a valley but rather on a ridge overlooking the town of Agrigento. This sprawling archaeological park spans an impressive 1,300 hectares, making it the largest of its kind in Europe and the Mediterranean basin. Its inclusion in the UNESCO World Heritage List in 1997 is a testament to its historical and cultural significance.

### A Glimpse into Ancient Greek Civilization

Step back in time as you wander through the ruins of the temples that once stood proudly in the ancient city of Akragas. The Temple of Concordia, with its well-preserved Doric columns and intricate architectural details, is a true marvel. Dating back to approximately 450 BC, it is considered one of the most notable edifices of Greek civilization still in existence today.

### Architectural Marvels and Historical Significance

The Temple of Concordia is not the only architectural wonder you'll encounter in Valle dei Templi. The Temple of Juno, dedicated to the goddess Hera, showcases the mastery of ancient Greek craftsmanship. Its imposing columns and intricate friezes transport visitors to a bygone era. The Temple of Hercules, with its massive stone pillars, is another must-see attraction that highlights the grandeur of ancient Greek architecture.

### Fun Facts and Nearby Attractions

Did you know that the Temple of Concordia served as a church during the Middle Ages? The entrance was relocated to the rear, and the cella was modified to accommodate a nave and two aisles. Exploring the remnants of this transformation provides a fascinating glimpse into the evolution of this ancient site.

While in Agrigento, take the opportunity to explore the town itself. Wander through its charming streets, sample delicious Sicilian cuisine, and immerse yourself in the local culture. Don't miss the opportunity to visit the Archaeological Museum of Agrigento, which houses a vast collection of artifacts from the Valle dei Templi and provides further insight into the region's rich history.

### When to Visit Valle dei Templi

To fully appreciate the beauty and historical significance of Valle dei Templi, it is best to visit during the spring or fall when the weather is mild and the crowds are smaller. The site can get quite busy during the summer months, so plan your visit accordingly to ensure a more intimate experience.

As you explore the Valle dei Templi, let your imagination transport you to a time when ancient Greek civilization flourished. Marvel at the architectural wonders, soak in the rich history, and embrace the awe-inspiring beauty of this remarkable archaeological site. Agrigento and its Valle dei Templi await, ready to captivate and inspire visitors from around the world.

Valle dei Templi

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Ancient temples, theatres, ruins and churches: the best of Sicily

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From italian origins, I was born and grew up in Belgium. I got the travel virus when taking a 5-months travel break a few years ago. I believe that every place, every area is worth unveiling; to me, beauty lies everywhere.

Ancient temples, theatres, ruins and churches: the best of Sicily

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